Nabin K. Malakar, Ph.D.

NASA JPL
I am a computational physicist working on societal applications of machine-learning techniques.

Research Links

My research interests span multi-disciplinary fields involving Societal applications of Machine Learning, Decision-theoretic approach to automated Experimental Design, Bayesian statistical data analysis and signal processing.

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Interested about the picture? Autonomous experimental design allows us to answer the question of where to take the measurements. More about it is here...

Hobbies

I addition to the research, I also like to hike, bike, read and play with water color.

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Friday, July 23, 2021

Convening the fourth ANPA Conference 2021

I am thankful for all the support and help received during organizing the fourth ANPA Conference 2021. It was held on a virtual platform on dates July 16 through 18, 2021. 
The special highlight of the conference was the Nobel Laureate Dr. Joachim Frank, who delivered a keynote talk during the conference. In his talk, he discussed his discovery about single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2017 with Jacques Dubochet and Richard Henderson. 
The second keynote talk was delivered by professor Bijaya Karki, Professor at Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA. 
The third highlight of the conference was a Nepal focussed session that discussed the Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy of the Nepal government to engage Nepali scientific diaspora for the development of the country. Dr. Rudra Aryal facilitated the Nepali-diaspora session, with the panelists Dr. Sunil Babu Shrestha, the vice-chancellor of Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Dr. Vishnu Raj Upreti, the executive chairperson of Policy Research Institute, Dr. Binil Aryal, the Dean of Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan university discussed the current status of research activities in Nepal and how the Nepali diaspora could contribute to accelerating the research collaboration among Nepali scientists. 
During the three-day conference, there were 116 papers presented in two parallel sessions. The conference was held on a virtual platform as we could not run the in-person meetings. Hopefully next year we will have a hybrid program like we did in 2019 at Brooklyn College. 

The selected papers based upon the conference will have an opportunity to be published in the special issue of the Nepal physical Journal of Nepal Physical Society. We have made a special issue editorial team members consisting of myself, D.Pashupati Dhakal,  Dr. Arjun Dahal,  Dr. Chiranjivi Lamsal, and  Dr. Dilli Raj Paudyal. The editor of NPS (Dr. Binod Adhikari) will be the managing editor.


During the last leg of the conference, the annual general meeting (AGM) was held. Various activities conducted by ANPA were presented. Dr. Chandra Adhikari was the master of ceremony who summarized various ANPA activities, Dr. Shree Krishna Bhattarai presented the development of the new website platform, Dr. Pashupati Dhakal talked about the ANPA Winter Workshop 2020, Dr. CR Bhatt discussed the ANPA student travel award; Dr. Tikaram Neupane discussed the ANPA summer camp for the high school students, and the meeting ended with a message from the president Dr. Jagan Devkota. My sincere thanks to all the participants for the great enthusiasm and support provided by the community to organize a successful conference.

Saturday, June 5, 2021

Use of smartphones in experimental physics...


Diffraction Experiments with a Smart Cart
The Physics Teacher 59, 272 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1119/10.0004155
Writes: The use of smartphones in experimental physics is by now widely accepted and documented.1–5

I included one of the smartphone lab using the camera to find the focal length of the phone's camera lens. 


  • 1.
    M. Monteiro, C. Stari, C. Cabeza, and A. Marti, “The polarization of light and Malus’ law using smartphones,” Phys. Teach. 55, 264 (May 2017). https://doi.org/10.1119/1.4981030Google ScholarScitationISI
  • 2.A. Shakur and J. Kraft, “Measurement of Coriolis acceleration with a smartphone,” Phys. Teach. 54, 288 (May 2016). https://doi.org/10.1119/1.4947157Google ScholarScitationISI
  • 3.Martín Monteiro, Cecilia Cabeza, Arturo C. Marti, Patrik Vogt, and Jochen Kuhn, “Angular velocity and centripetal acceleration relationship,” Phys. Teach. 52, 312 (May 2014). https://doi.org/10.1119/1.4872422Google ScholarScitationISI
  • 4.Martín Monteiro, Cecilia Cabeza, and Arturo C. Marti, “Rotational energy in a physical pendulum,” Phys. Teach. 52, 180 (March 2014). https://doi.org/10.1119/1.4865529Google ScholarScitationISI
  • 5.A. Shakur and T. Sinatra, “Angular momentum,” Phys. Teach. 51, 564 (Dec. 2013). https://doi.org/10.1119/1.4830076Google ScholarScitationISI
  • Thursday, July 9, 2020

    Researchers Identify Areas Impacted by Extreme Heat to Help Vulnerable Residents Prepare

    Researchers at Worcester State are working on identifying “hot spots” in Worcester to help the most vulnerable city residents survive a growing number of extreme temperature events.

    Assistant Professor of Earth, Environment, and Physics Nabin Malakar, Ph.D., and student John Veneziano ’20 are focusing on heat vulnerability, looking at places where income level, age range (children and elders are particularly vulnerable), and housing environment stress leave people at risk of being impacted by extreme heat events. Their research will help communities make decisions about safety, Malakar says.

    “It just stands out from the data,” Malakar says. “More than 50 percent of people are living in urban areas where the heatwave can seriously impact human health and wellbeing.”

    Venezio and Malakar’s research poster “Identifying Areas Impacted by Extreme Heat Events in Worcester, Massachusetts” was presented at the 100th American Meteorological Society meeting in Boston in January.

    Extreme temperatures are “one of the leading causes of hospital visits and health issues,” write Malakar and Veneziano in their abstract. The impact of these extreme temperature events will increase as the Earth warms as a result of climate change.

    “We want to make people aware of it so in the future we can be prepared about future climate changes,” Dr. Malakar says.

    Malakar and Veneziano looked at the “urban heat island” effect, caused by a larger number of people and buildings close together in urban areas, the number of extreme heat events, and the expected increase in the number of these events as a result of climate change and the urban heat island effect that Worcester experiences.

    His presentation was well-received. “[There were] a lot of good responses to the presentation. John was enthusiastic about it,” Dr. Malakar says.

    Working on this research was an opportunity for Veneziano to get experience and exposure. While Veneziano was very prepared going into the international conference, he was still “really nervous.” There were more than 1,000 posters organized by topic, and more than 40 people viewed with interest and asked questions about his presentation, Veneziano says.

    “People were generally really curious about what I had to say,” Veneziano says, especially given that Malakar has worked with the core team of NASA scientists who worked on developing the satellite remote sensing data.

    Veneziano and Malakar started working together when Veneziano was in one of Malakar’s environmental science classes. Veneziano was a “bright student” and he “stood out” Malakar says. While Veneziano was “kind of shy in the beginning,” he now needs minimal direction in the second year of their ongoing research.

    “The purpose of research is to make the difference,” Malakar says. “The ultimate goal is to contribute to society to make a difference in people’s life.”

    Monday, June 22, 2020

    Summer Course Recognizes First-Year Students May Need More Help Transitioning to College [Archive: news.worcester.edu]

    June 22, 2020

    By: Nancy Sheehan

    A new summer course will allow incoming first-year students to get a jump on their journey into higher education at Worcester State University.

    Called “Lancer Learning,” the free, three-credit course, which will run during Summer Session II, aims to bridge the gap between high school and college to help ensure students’ academic success. The course will be offered online in a flexible format so students will have a variety of ways to complete assignments and engage with faculty, current WSU students, and others.

    Faculty leads will be Colleen Sullivan, Ph.D., associate professor of psychology, and Nabin Malakar, Ph.D., assistant professor of earth, environment, and physics. They will be assisted by a group of faculty, staff, and administrators who have volunteered their time to help with the course.

    “It’s a multidisciplinary course that will talk about the expectations inside the classroom and open students up to Blackboard, our learning management system, which they’ve probably never used before,” says Tammy Tebo, M.Ed, assistant dean of academic services. “They’ll be getting critical feedback from professors on how they should be writing in college, and be taught learning strategies specific for first-year students.”

    The course also will help incoming students build relationships with Worcester State faculty, staff, students, and administrators. “We want to provide them opportunities to gain more confidence and be better prepared to begin their first semester,” Tebo says.

    Sullivan says she hopes the course will introduce students to important tools they can use once the fall semester starts and they officially become college students.

    “What Nabin and I are trying to do is to incorporate the technology they will be using and identify some literacy resources so they can find the right tools they will need for their classes in the future,” she says. “We’re also going to work on having students start to experience learning at a college level so they can get a sense of the kinds of expectations that professors usually have.”

    The course has been designed to position students for success over the next four years, Malakar says. “We want these students to excel at our university,” he says. “Given the new scenario of this pandemic, we want to make sure that our students are successful and well prepared for the upcoming fall semester.”

    The concept for the course arose when President Barry M. Maloney set up safe reopening teams and asked one of them to focus specifically on what high school seniors coming to Worcester State in the fall might need.

    “This year is very different than before because of the pandemic,” Tebo says. “These students have experienced a major disruption, so we hope this course will fill the gap of the information they might have lost since they’ve been out of touch and maybe haven’t held a pencil in a few months.”

    The course will give enrollees social tools as well as academic ones, Sullivan says.

    “Offering both academic and social support will alleviate some of the nervousness and anxiety that they might have about coming into a new environment,” she says. “They don’t know where to look for help, so sometimes they get a little lost and this class is designed to introduce them to some of those resources and show them where they are on campus. We hope that helps alleviate some of the first-semester jitters that they often experience.”

    Course participants also will be able to get to know some of the people they will encounter when the fall semester begins. The larger group will be divided into smaller cohorts of 10 to 20 students at times, each working with its own group leader.

    “Even though this is going to be online, they will be able to meet people, know a face, find somebody they have something in common with, so that even from a social perspective, it’s not as scary to them in the fall semester,” Sullivan says.

    “We want to align students toward their future and familiarize them the tools that are available,” Malakar says. “We want them to make friends with the people that they’re going to be with, and to know that the professors are not the scariest people in the world, and that the Worcester State campus is a place where they can find all the resources they need.”

    Tentative plans call for the course to be graded on a pass/fail basis. “Lancer Learning” will run in two segments. At some point between July 6 to 10, students will need to attend one virtual welcome event for enrollees. During this time, they will learn how to log in to BlackBoard (an online system where grades and assignments are posted), review course expectations, and meet our faculty.

    From July 13 to Aug. 28, students will be expected to log in regularly and submit assignments on time. Each week, assignments and activities for the week will be posted on Mondays and due on Saturdays.

    How to register:
    An email has been sent to the Worcester State Gmail accounts of all incoming first-year students. In it, there is an electronic form to submit to enroll in the course. The deadline for enrollment is Friday July 3. Students can ask any questions by emailing asuccess@worcester.edu  or their academic advisor.

    Saturday, November 3, 2018

    नासामा नेपाली वैज्ञानिकको उपलब्धि: पृथ्वीको ताप मापनमा ठूलाे फड्को


    नवीनकुमार मालकार
    नवीनकुमार मालकार
    पृथ्वीलाई निरन्तर अवलोकन गरिरहेका चार भूउपग्रहको ४० वर्षदेखिका तथ्यांकलाई प्रयोग गर्दै एक नेपाली वैज्ञानिकले पृथ्वीको तापमान नाप्ने नयाँ गणितिय ‛एल्गोरिदम’ विकास गरेका छन्।
    नेशनल एरोनोटिक्सस एण्ड स्पेश एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन (नासा)को जेट प्रपल्सन ल्याबमा कार्यरत नेपाली वैज्ञानिक डा नवीनकुमार मालाकार नेतृत्वम अनुसन्धानकर्ताकाे एउटा समूहले भूउपग्रहबाट प्राप्त तस्विरका आधारमा एउटै गणितीय विधिबाट पृथ्वीका विभिन्न स्थानको ताप मापन गर्ने नयाँ ‘एल्गोरिदम’ विकास गरेको हो।
    यससम्बन्धी अनुसन्धान निष्कर्षसहितको लेख ‛आइइइइ ट्रान्जाक्सन एण्ड जियो साइन्स एन्ड रिमोट सेन्सिङ सोसाइटीको′ जर्नलमा प्रकाशित भएको छ। यो अनुसन्धानमा मालकारसँगै ग्यालन सी हुले, सिमाेन जे हुक, केली लार्बे, माेनिका कुक र जाेन अार स्कट संलग्न छन्।
    अहिलेसम्म फरक–फरक भूउपग्रहबाट प्राप्त तथ्यांकलाई छुट्टाछुट्टै हिसाब गरेर मान (भ्याल) पत्ता लगाइन्थ्यो। भौतिकशास्त्रका शोधकर्ता डा मालाकारले भने, ‛यो एल्गोरिदम पृथ्वीको तापमान जोडिएका तमाम विषयवस्तु अध्ययनमा विश्वव्यापी रुपमै प्रयोग हुनसक्छ। तापमान हिसाबकिताब गर्ने काममा यसले एकरुपता ल्याउनेछ।’


    यसअघि पृथ्वी तापमापन अध्ययनमा अप्टिकल डाटा मात्र उपलब्ध हुने गरेकोमा यो शोधको सफलतापछि अब थर्मल डेटा प्रयोग गर्न सकिने भएको छ। ‘सतहमा मापन गरिएको डेटा र स्याटलाइटबाट लिइएको डेटा क्रस भ्यालिडेशन गर्दा मेल खान्छ’, उनी भन्छन्।
    यो वैज्ञानिक शोधलेख प्रकाशित भएपछि वैज्ञानिक समुदायबाट राम्रो प्रतिक्रिया आएको डा मालाकार बताउँछन्।
    जलावयु परिवर्तनदेखि खेतीबाली अनुसन्धानमा उपयोगीजलवायू परिवर्तनको प्रवृत्ति देखाउन यो एल्गोरिदम उपायेगी हुने मालाकारको विश्वास छ। विगत ४० वर्षमा कुन कालखण्डमा पृथ्वीको तापक्रम कसरी परिवर्तन भएको छ भन्ने तुलनात्मक अध्ययन पनि यसबाट गर्न सकिन्छ। भूसतहको तापक्रमलाई तापसँग सम्बन्धित महत्वपूर्ण विषयवस्तु जस्तैः शहरी जनसंख्यामा बढ्दो तापक्रम (हिट स्ट्रेस)को असर, भेक्टरजनित रोगहरुको अध्ययन आदिमा उपयोग हुनेछ। यसैगरी भूसतहको तापक्रमको दीर्घकालीन प्रवृत्ति आँकलन गर्न पनि यो विधि सहायक हुनेछ।
    अनुसन्धानमा युनाइटेड स्टेट्स जियोलोजिकल सर्वे (यूएसजीएस)को चारवटा भूउपग्रह (ल्याण्डस्याट)को सहयोगमा सम्भव भएको हो। ती भूउपग्रहले पृथ्वीलाई १ सय मिटरको रिजोल्यूसनमा अवलोकन गरेका तस्विर तथ्यांकलाई अनुसन्धानमा उपयोग गरिएको छ।
    भूउपग्रहरु नम्बर ४, नम्बर ५, नम्बर ७ र नम्बर ८ बाट प्राप्त तस्विरका तथ्यांकलाई मिहिन ढंगबाट विश्लेषण गरिएको डा.मालाकार बताउँछन्। यी भूउपग्रहहरु विभिन्न समयमा यूएसजिएसले प्रक्षेपण गरेका हुन्।
    नम्बर ४, ५ भूउपग्रह सन् १९८२ मा प्रक्षेपित गरिएको थियो। नम्बर ७ सन १९९९ र ८ सन् २०१३ मा पृथ्वीको कक्षमा पठाइएको थियो।पृथ्वीका जीवन र जलवायुका लागि तापमान निकै सम्वेदनशील विषय हो। वनजंगल फडानीको निरीक्षण गर्न पनि मेरो अनुसन्धानले विकास गरेको विधि काम लाग्छ’, उनी भन्छन्, ‘किनभने जहाँ रुख काटियो त्यहाँको तापक्रम बढी देखिन्छ र रुखहरु भएको ठाउँमा स्वभाविक रुपले तापक्रम कम हुन्छ।’
    मानवजनित क्रियाकलापले भूमण्डलीय पर्यावरणलाई कस्तो असर गरेको छ भन्ने विषयको सूक्ष्म अध्ययनको लागि पनि यो प्रविधि उपयोगी हुनेछ। डा मालाकारले विकसित गरेको विधि खेतीयोग्य जमिनको उर्बरता दर परिवर्तन छ कि छैन भनेर विश्लेषण गर्न पनि प्रयोग गर्न सकिनेछ।
    ‘बालीनालीको बिमा गर्ने ठूला बिमा कम्पनीहरुले पनि हाम्रो बिधिलाई उपयाेग गर्न सक्छन्। यो विधिले सिजनको अन्त्यमा कति उत्पादन हुन्छ भन्ने निक्र्योल गर्न सक्छ’, उनी भन्छन्।
    ‘ब्लाकहोल’ अनुसन्धानकर्ता
    अहिले पृथ्वीको तापमान हिसाब गर्ने विधि पत्ता लगाएर ख्याति कमाइरहेका मालाकारले त्रिभुवन विश्वविद्यालयमा स्नातकोत्तर गर्दा भने ‘ब्ल्याकहोल’का शोधकर्ता हुन्। त्यतिबेला उनका गाइड अन्तर्राष्र्टिय ख्यातिप्राप्त भौतिकशास्त्री उदयराज खनाल थिए। विज्ञानमा जे अनुसन्धान गरे पनि त्यसले समाजलाई प्रभाव पार्ने खालको हुनुपर्छ भन्ने सोच त्यतिबेलै भएको उनी सुनाउँछन्। भन्छन्, ‛फिजिक्समा शोध गर्छु भन्ने थियो तर के गर्ने भनेर स्पस्ट मार्गचित्र मसँग थिएन।’
    नेपालको त्रिभुवन विश्वविद्यालयबाट भौतिक विज्ञानमा स्नातकोत्तर गरेका उनले युनिभर्सिटी अफ न्यूयोर्क अल्बानीबाट सन् २०११ मा भौतिक शास्त्रमा विद्यावारिधि पूरा गरेका हुन्।
    एकवर्ष यता उनी म्यासाच्यूसेट्सको उस्टर स्टेट युनिभर्सिटीमा भौतिक विज्ञानका सहायक प्राध्यापकको रुपमा कार्यरत छन्। त्यसअघि उनी पोष्ट डक्टारल शोध बैज्ञानिकको रुपमा नासाको जेट प्रपल्सन ल्याब, क्याल्टेक कयालिफोर्नीमा कार्यरत थिए। त्यहाँ उनले नासाकै भूउपग्रह मोडिस, भिआइआइआरएस लगायतका तथ्यांकबाट पृथ्वी भूसतहको तापक्रमबारे शोध गरेका थिए।
    उच्चशिक्षा अध्ययनका लागि अमेरिका आउनुअघि मालाकार मध्य बानेश्वरस्थित हिमालयन ह्वाइटहाउस कलेजमा फिजिक्स पढाउँदथे। मकवानपुरको हेटौंडामा जन्मेका नबिन मालाकारले भुटनदेवी माविबाट एसएलसी गरेका हुन्। भुटनदेवी मावीका शिक्षकहरुको प्रेरणाकै कारण आफू भौतिक विज्ञानको शिक्षामा आकर्षित भएको उनी सुनाउँछन्।
      प्रकाशित १३ कार्तिक २०७५, मंगलबार | 2018-10-30 10:51:36

       Publised on nepalkhabar.com



      The research paper:
      An Operational Land Surface Temperature Product for Landsat Thermal Data: Methodology and Validation
      Nabin K. Malakar ; Glynn C. Hulley ; Simon J. Hook ; Kelly Laraby ; Monica Cook ; John R. Schott

      Preprint is available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325231273_An_Operational_Land_Surface_Temperature_Product_for_Landsat_Thermal_Data_Methodology_and_Validation